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Chernobyl, the scene of the world's worst nuclear accident, has defied the gloomiest of prophesies by becoming one of Europe's richest wildlife habitats, teeming with endangered species.
The evacuation of tens of thousands of residents living in the 30km exclusion zone around the Ukrainian reactor has resulted in a flourishing community of plants and animals whose diversity has stunned biologists.
Although the exclusion zone has been subjected to some of the worst radioactive contamination in history, life in all its forms has proved to be remarkably resistant to the known biological effects of radiation, notably mutations and birth deformities.
Scientists studying the site from the International Radioecology Laboratory just outside the zone have reported a startling return of many rare species to the area and a general increase in the diversity of many wild plants and animals.
British biologists involved in the study of the region have called for the zone to become a nature reserve where endangered fauna and flora can be free to breed in what is becoming a pristine habitat. Arable farmland and pasture has been slowly replaced by weeds and meadows as the land returns to its original forested state.
Large European mammals, such as moose, wild boar, roe and red deer, beavers, wolves, badgers, otters and lynx have become well established within the zone, while species associated with man -- such as rats, house mice, sparrows and pigeons -- have declined. Michail Bondarkov, the director of the laboratory, said that 48 endangered species listed in the international Red Book of protected animals and plants are now thriving in the Chernobyl exclusion zone.
Of the 270 species of birds in the area, 180 species are breeding -- the rest being migrants that are passing through. Breeding birds include the rare green crane, black stork, white-tailed sea eagle and fish hawk. Freshwater fish, such as carp, pike, roach and perch, are also thriving, Dr. Bondarkov said. The scientists have even recorded a rich community of aquatic wildlife living in one of the contaminated cooling ponds at the Chernobyl site.
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